Prompt Title: EC2 Interview Questions.

What is IAM, and what are its benefits? Answer: IAM (Identity and Access Management) is a web service provided by AWS that enables the management of AWS users, groups, and roles. It helps in securing your AWS resources by controlling who can access them and how. IAM also enables you to manage permissions at a granular level, making it easy to grant or revoke access to specific resources.

What are the key components of IAM? Answer: The key components of IAM are users, groups, roles, policies, and permissions.

How do you create an IAM user? Answer: To create an IAM user, go to the IAM console, select "Users" from the left navigation pane, and click "Add user." Then, provide a username, select the access type (programmatic or AWS Management Console), and set a password or allow the user to create one.

What is an IAM group, and how is it used? Answer: An IAM group is a collection of IAM users. You can use groups to manage permissions for multiple users collectively. By assigning permissions to a group, you can ensure that all users in the group have the same level of access to AWS resources.

How do you create an IAM group? Answer: To create an IAM group, go to the IAM console, select "Groups" from the left navigation pane, and click "Create new group." Then, provide a group name, attach policies to the group, and add users to the group.

What is an IAM role, and how is it used? Answer: An IAM role is an AWS identity that you can create and assign to an AWS resource, such as an EC2 instance or a Lambda function. Roles enable you to grant permissions to AWS resources without having to share long-term access keys.

How do you create an IAM role? Answer: To create an IAM role, go to the IAM console, select "Roles" from the left navigation pane, and click "Create role." Then, select the type of trusted entity (AWS service, another AWS account, or a web identity), attach policies to the role, and specify a role name.

What is an IAM policy, and how is it used? Answer: An IAM policy is a document that defines permissions for AWS resources. You can attach policies to IAM users, groups, and roles to control what actions they can perform on AWS resources.

What is the difference between an IAM user and an IAM role? Answer: An IAM user is an identity that you create to represent a person or application that interacts with AWS resources. An IAM role is an AWS identity that you create and assign to an AWS resource to grant permissions to that resource. An IAM user has permanent credentials, whereas an IAM role does not have any credentials associated with it.

How do you grant permissions to an IAM user or group? Answer: To grant permissions to an IAM user or group, you can attach an IAM policy to the user or group. IAM policies define what actions the user or group can perform on AWS resources.

How do you grant permissions to an IAM role? Answer: To grant permissions to an IAM role, you can attach an IAM policy to the role. You can also specify a trust policy that defines which AWS accounts or services can assume the role.

What is the AWS Security Token Service (STS), and how is it used with IAM? Answer: The AWS Security Token Service (STS) is a web service that enables the temporary creation of AWS access credentials. You can use STS to grant temporary access to IAM roles, allowing users or applications to assume roles temporarily to perform specific tasks.

What is multi-factor authentication (MFA), and how is it used with IAM

What is Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), and how does it work? Answer: Elastic Load Balancing is a web service provided by AWS that distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, containers, or IP addresses. It works by automatically scaling the capacity of the load balancer to meet the demand of the incoming traffic.

What are the different types of Elastic Load Balancers in AWS? Answer: There are three types of Elastic Load Balancers in AWS: Application Load Balancer (ALB), Network Load Balancer (NLB), and Classic Load Balancer (CLB).

What is an Application Load Balancer (ALB), and how is it used? Answer: An Application Load Balancer is a type of Elastic Load Balancer that works at the application layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model. It is used to distribute incoming traffic to multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, containers, or IP addresses, based on the content of the request, such as the URL or HTTP headers.

What is a Network Load Balancer (NLB), and how is it used? Answer: A Network Load Balancer is a type of Elastic Load Balancer that works at the transport layer (Layer 4) of the OSI model. It is used to distribute incoming traffic to multiple targets, such as EC2 instances or IP addresses, based on the IP protocol data.

What is a Classic Load Balancer (CLB), and how is it used? Answer: A Classic Load Balancer is the original type of Elastic Load Balancer in AWS. It is used to distribute incoming traffic to multiple targets, such as EC2 instances or IP addresses, based on the IP protocol data. However, it is now recommended to use ALB or NLB instead of CLB.

What is Auto Scaling, and how does it work? Answer: Auto Scaling is a web service provided by AWS that automatically scales the number of EC2 instances in a group based on the demand of the incoming traffic. It works by defining a set of policies that specify the desired capacity of the group and the conditions under which the group should scale up or down.

What are the different types of Auto Scaling policies in AWS? Answer: There are two types of Auto Scaling policies in AWS: target tracking scaling policies and step scaling policies.

What is a target tracking scaling policy, and how is it used with Auto Scaling? Answer: A target tracking scaling policy is a type of Auto Scaling policy that automatically adjusts the desired capacity of an Auto Scaling group based on a target value, such as CPU utilization or network traffic.

What is a step scaling policy, and how is it used with Auto Scaling? Answer: A step scaling policy is a type of Auto Scaling policy that scales the number of instances in an Auto Scaling group based on a set of step adjustments, such as adding or removing a fixed number of instances.

What is a launch configuration, and how is it used with Auto Scaling? Answer: A launch configuration is a template that defines the configuration of the EC2 instances that will be launched by an Auto Scaling group. It includes information such as the AMI, instance type, security groups, and user data.

How do you create an Auto Scaling group? Answer: To create an Auto Scaling group, go to the Auto Scaling console, select "Create Auto Scaling group," and then follow the prompts to configure the group, including the launch configuration, desired capacity, and scaling policies.

How do you configure Elastic Load Balancing with Auto Scaling? Answer: To configure Elastic Load Balancing with Auto Scaling, you can use the Auto Scaling console to add one or more target groups for the load bal