Prompt Title: JavaScript Scope: Global and Local.

In JavaScript, scope refers to the accessibility of variables, functions, and objects in a particular part of the code. There are two types of scope in JavaScript: global and local.

Global scope refers to variables or functions that are accessible throughout the entire code, while local scope refers to variables or functions that are accessible only within a specific block of code.

To illustrate this concept, here's an example code:

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// global variable
var globalVariable = "I am a global variable";

function exampleFunction() {
  // local variable
  var localVariable = "I am a local variable";
  console.log(globalVariable); // accessible
  console.log(localVariable); // accessible
}

exampleFunction();
console.log(globalVariable); // accessible
console.log(localVariable); // not accessible

In this example, we have a global variable named globalVariable and a function named exampleFunction. Within exampleFunction, we have a local variable named localVariable.

The console.log() statements inside exampleFunction can access both the global and local variables because they are within the same scope. However, the console.log() statements outside of exampleFunction can only access the global variable because localVariable is in a different scope.

It's important to understand scope in JavaScript because it can prevent naming collisions and improve code organization. By using local variables, we can prevent accidentally overwriting global variables with the same name, and by limiting the scope of variables and functions, we can make our code easier to read and maintain.